Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 9 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 500 |
| Missing cells | 0 |
| Missing cells (%) | 0.0% |
| Duplicate rows | 0 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 0.0% |
| Total size in memory | 35.3 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 72.3 B |
Variable types
| NUM | 8 |
|---|---|
| BOOL | 1 |
Serial No. has unique values | Unique |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2020-09-28 14:22:11.512681 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2020-09-28 14:22:25.165745 |
| Duration | 13.65 seconds |
| Software version | pandas-profiling v2.9.0 |
| Download configuration | config.yaml |
| Distinct | 500 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 250.5 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 500 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 25.95 |
| Q1 | 125.75 |
| median | 250.5 |
| Q3 | 375.25 |
| 95-th percentile | 475.05 |
| Maximum | 500 |
| Range | 499 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 249.5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 144.4818328 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5767737835 |
| Kurtosis | -1.2 |
| Mean | 250.5 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 125 |
| Skewness | 0 |
| Sum | 125250 |
| Variance | 20875 |
| Monotocity | Strictly increasing |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 500 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 171 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 158 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 159 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 160 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 161 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 162 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 163 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 164 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 165 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| Other values (490) | 490 | 98.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 2 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 3 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 4 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 5 | 1 | 0.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 500 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 499 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 498 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 497 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 496 | 1 | 0.2% |
GRE Score
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 49 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 9.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 316.472 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 290 |
| Maximum | 340 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 290 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 298 |
| Q1 | 308 |
| median | 317 |
| Q3 | 325 |
| 95-th percentile | 335 |
| Maximum | 340 |
| Range | 50 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 17 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 11.29514837 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.03569083007 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7110644626 |
| Mean | 316.472 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 8 |
| Skewness | -0.03984185809 |
| Sum | 158236 |
| Variance | 127.5803768 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=49)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 312 | 24 | 4.8% | |
| 324 | 23 | 4.6% | |
| 316 | 18 | 3.6% | |
| 321 | 17 | 3.4% | |
| 322 | 17 | 3.4% | |
| 327 | 17 | 3.4% | |
| 314 | 16 | 3.2% | |
| 311 | 16 | 3.2% | |
| 320 | 16 | 3.2% | |
| 317 | 15 | 3.0% | |
| Other values (39) | 321 | 64.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 290 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 293 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 294 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 295 | 5 | 1.0% | |
| 296 | 5 | 1.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 340 | 9 | 1.8% | |
| 339 | 3 | 0.6% | |
| 338 | 4 | 0.8% | |
| 337 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 336 | 5 | 1.0% |
TOEFL Score
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 29 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 5.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 107.192 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 92 |
| Maximum | 120 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 92 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 98 |
| Q1 | 103 |
| median | 107 |
| Q3 | 112 |
| 95-th percentile | 118 |
| Maximum | 120 |
| Range | 28 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 9 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 6.08186766 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.05673807429 |
| Kurtosis | -0.6532454042 |
| Mean | 107.192 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 5 |
| Skewness | 0.09560097236 |
| Sum | 53596 |
| Variance | 36.98911423 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=29)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 110 | 44 | 8.8% | |
| 105 | 37 | 7.4% | |
| 104 | 29 | 5.8% | |
| 112 | 28 | 5.6% | |
| 107 | 28 | 5.6% | |
| 106 | 28 | 5.6% | |
| 103 | 25 | 5.0% | |
| 102 | 24 | 4.8% | |
| 100 | 24 | 4.8% | |
| 99 | 23 | 4.6% | |
| Other values (19) | 210 | 42.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 92 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 93 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 94 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 95 | 3 | 0.6% | |
| 96 | 6 | 1.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 120 | 9 | 1.8% | |
| 119 | 10 | 2.0% | |
| 118 | 10 | 2.0% | |
| 117 | 8 | 1.6% | |
| 116 | 16 | 3.2% |
University Rating
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 5 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 1.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.114 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 5 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 4 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 2 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.143511801 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3672163779 |
| Kurtosis | -0.8100796635 |
| Mean | 3.114 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1 |
| Skewness | 0.09029498313 |
| Sum | 1557 |
| Variance | 1.307619238 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=5)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 3 | 162 | 32.4% | |
| 2 | 126 | 25.2% | |
| 4 | 105 | 21.0% | |
| 5 | 73 | 14.6% | |
| 1 | 34 | 6.8% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 34 | 6.8% | |
| 2 | 126 | 25.2% | |
| 3 | 162 | 32.4% | |
| 4 | 105 | 21.0% | |
| 5 | 73 | 14.6% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 5 | 73 | 14.6% | |
| 4 | 105 | 21.0% | |
| 3 | 162 | 32.4% | |
| 2 | 126 | 25.2% | |
| 1 | 34 | 6.8% |
SOP
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 9 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 1.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.374 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1.5 |
| Q1 | 2.5 |
| median | 3.5 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 5 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 4 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1.5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.9910036208 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2937177299 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7057169536 |
| Mean | 3.374 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.5 |
| Skewness | -0.2289723963 |
| Sum | 1687 |
| Variance | 0.9820881764 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=9)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 4 | 89 | 17.8% | |
| 3.5 | 88 | 17.6% | |
| 3 | 80 | 16.0% | |
| 2.5 | 64 | 12.8% | |
| 4.5 | 63 | 12.6% | |
| 2 | 43 | 8.6% | |
| 5 | 42 | 8.4% | |
| 1.5 | 25 | 5.0% | |
| 1 | 6 | 1.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 6 | 1.2% | |
| 1.5 | 25 | 5.0% | |
| 2 | 43 | 8.6% | |
| 2.5 | 64 | 12.8% | |
| 3 | 80 | 16.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 5 | 42 | 8.4% | |
| 4.5 | 63 | 12.6% | |
| 4 | 89 | 17.8% | |
| 3.5 | 88 | 17.6% | |
| 3 | 80 | 16.0% |
LOR
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 9 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 1.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.484 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 2 |
| Q1 | 3 |
| median | 3.5 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 5 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 4 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.9254495739 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2656284655 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7457485106 |
| Mean | 3.484 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.5 |
| Skewness | -0.1452903146 |
| Sum | 1742 |
| Variance | 0.8564569138 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=9)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 3 | 99 | 19.8% | |
| 4 | 94 | 18.8% | |
| 3.5 | 86 | 17.2% | |
| 4.5 | 63 | 12.6% | |
| 5 | 50 | 10.0% | |
| 2.5 | 50 | 10.0% | |
| 2 | 46 | 9.2% | |
| 1.5 | 11 | 2.2% | |
| 1 | 1 | 0.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 1.5 | 11 | 2.2% | |
| 2 | 46 | 9.2% | |
| 2.5 | 50 | 10.0% | |
| 3 | 99 | 19.8% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 5 | 50 | 10.0% | |
| 4.5 | 63 | 12.6% | |
| 4 | 94 | 18.8% | |
| 3.5 | 86 | 17.2% | |
| 3 | 99 | 19.8% |
CGPA
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 184 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 36.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 8.57644 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 6.8 |
| Maximum | 9.92 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 6.8 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 7.638 |
| Q1 | 8.1275 |
| median | 8.56 |
| Q3 | 9.04 |
| 95-th percentile | 9.6 |
| Maximum | 9.92 |
| Range | 3.12 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.9125 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.6048128003 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.07052026253 |
| Kurtosis | -0.5612783981 |
| Mean | 8.57644 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.46 |
| Skewness | -0.02661251732 |
| Sum | 4288.22 |
| Variance | 0.3657985234 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 8 | 9 | 1.8% | |
| 8.76 | 9 | 1.8% | |
| 8.54 | 7 | 1.4% | |
| 8.45 | 7 | 1.4% | |
| 8.56 | 7 | 1.4% | |
| 8.12 | 7 | 1.4% | |
| 7.88 | 6 | 1.2% | |
| 8.64 | 6 | 1.2% | |
| 8.66 | 6 | 1.2% | |
| 9.11 | 6 | 1.2% | |
| Other values (174) | 430 | 86.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 6.8 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 7.2 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 7.21 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 7.23 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 7.25 | 1 | 0.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 9.92 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 9.91 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 9.87 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 9.86 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 9.82 | 1 | 0.2% |
Research
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.4% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| 0 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 280 | 56.0% | |
| 0 | 220 | 44.0% |
Chance of Admit
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 61 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 12.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.72174 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.34 |
| Maximum | 0.97 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 3.9 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.34 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.47 |
| Q1 | 0.63 |
| median | 0.72 |
| Q3 | 0.82 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.94 |
| Maximum | 0.97 |
| Range | 0.63 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.19 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.141140404 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1955557458 |
| Kurtosis | -0.4546817998 |
| Mean | 0.72174 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.1 |
| Skewness | -0.28996621 |
| Sum | 360.87 |
| Variance | 0.01992061363 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.71 | 23 | 4.6% | |
| 0.64 | 19 | 3.8% | |
| 0.73 | 18 | 3.6% | |
| 0.72 | 16 | 3.2% | |
| 0.79 | 16 | 3.2% | |
| 0.78 | 15 | 3.0% | |
| 0.76 | 14 | 2.8% | |
| 0.8 | 13 | 2.6% | |
| 0.7 | 13 | 2.6% | |
| 0.94 | 13 | 2.6% | |
| Other values (51) | 340 | 68.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.34 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 0.36 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 0.37 | 1 | 0.2% | |
| 0.38 | 2 | 0.4% | |
| 0.39 | 1 | 0.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.97 | 4 | 0.8% | |
| 0.96 | 8 | 1.6% | |
| 0.95 | 5 | 1.0% | |
| 0.94 | 13 | 2.6% | |
| 0.93 | 12 | 2.4% |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.First rows
| Serial No. | GRE Score | TOEFL Score | University Rating | SOP | LOR | CGPA | Research | Chance of Admit | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 337 | 118 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 9.65 | 1 | 0.92 |
| 1 | 2 | 324 | 107 | 4 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 8.87 | 1 | 0.76 |
| 2 | 3 | 316 | 104 | 3 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 8.00 | 1 | 0.72 |
| 3 | 4 | 322 | 110 | 3 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 8.67 | 1 | 0.80 |
| 4 | 5 | 314 | 103 | 2 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 8.21 | 0 | 0.65 |
| 5 | 6 | 330 | 115 | 5 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 9.34 | 1 | 0.90 |
| 6 | 7 | 321 | 109 | 3 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 8.20 | 1 | 0.75 |
| 7 | 8 | 308 | 101 | 2 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 7.90 | 0 | 0.68 |
| 8 | 9 | 302 | 102 | 1 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 8.00 | 0 | 0.50 |
| 9 | 10 | 323 | 108 | 3 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 8.60 | 0 | 0.45 |
Last rows
| Serial No. | GRE Score | TOEFL Score | University Rating | SOP | LOR | CGPA | Research | Chance of Admit | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 490 | 491 | 307 | 105 | 2 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 8.12 | 1 | 0.67 |
| 491 | 492 | 297 | 99 | 4 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 7.81 | 0 | 0.54 |
| 492 | 493 | 298 | 101 | 4 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 7.69 | 1 | 0.53 |
| 493 | 494 | 300 | 95 | 2 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 8.22 | 1 | 0.62 |
| 494 | 495 | 301 | 99 | 3 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 8.45 | 1 | 0.68 |
| 495 | 496 | 332 | 108 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.0 | 9.02 | 1 | 0.87 |
| 496 | 497 | 337 | 117 | 5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 9.87 | 1 | 0.96 |
| 497 | 498 | 330 | 120 | 5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 9.56 | 1 | 0.93 |
| 498 | 499 | 312 | 103 | 4 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 8.43 | 0 | 0.73 |
| 499 | 500 | 327 | 113 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 9.04 | 0 | 0.84 |